How the 1910 Act of Union in South Africa affected the Indians in Natal province

How the 1910 Act of Union in South Africa affected the Indians in Natal province

The effects were political, economic and social.
There was a registration fee of 3 pounds levied on every Indian.
A Pass was necessary to work from one place to another.
If they were married they were required to register with the Protectorate as Indian immigrants.
No Indian was to pray without a license and one had to face many difficulties in obtaining a license.
The Indian immigrants were supposed to pass the education test or an examination. Thus the Indians were subject to many difficulties and insulting treatment- they were called Sammy or Coolies-Porters.
They were not required to move freely and had to remove Turbans in court proceedings.
The 1910 Act of Union made the Indians in Natal to unite as one group, irrespective of caste, religion, cultural diversity against the whites.
The Natal Indian Congress (NYC) was consolidated further by Mahatma Mohandas Gandhi and his friends to use non violence (or Passive resistance) to fight for the rights of the Indians in South Africa.
The Indian opinion Newspaper was printed to de-campaign racism in South Africa.
The 910 Act consolidated Indian nationalism in Natal and other areas with Gandhi as the leader or the moving spirit.
He founded a Philosophy or a political thought of Satyagraha (truth and passive resistance) or the moral equivalent of war.
There was disenfranchisement of over 250 able Indians who could vote out of a total of over 43,000 Indians after 1910. Indians who didn't possess a Certificate of Registration were required by law to leave South Africa.
The Indian entry in South African was restricted on grounds of education and not race.
The Act of union also laid ground after 1912, the enactment of the Black Act, which touched on registration of Indians in South Africa. The racial bar was added in the immigration law and a tax of 3 pounds was continued.
Only marriages performed under Christian rites and registered were legal in South Africa to the Indians.
By 1913, there were strikes of Indians working in the mines and plantations over discrimination/ racism in South Africa.
In 1914, the Indian Relief Act was passed with a tax of 3 pounds abolished Indian religions (Hindu, Muslim. and Parshi), marriages were recognized.
There were to be no indentured (Indian laborers) to move in South Africa after 1920.
It should be noted that, it was not possible to fight for the rights of the Indian already in South Africa and for a fresh flow of immigrants.
A law, which restricted the Indians from the right to trade, reside or own land in Transvaal was maintained
Indian Naturalism later inspired African Nationalism in the liberation struggle in the whole continent.
In 1920, due to nationalism pressure from the Indians, the white government allowed Indians to be classified with freedom but the Africans remained isolated.