what were the effects of the kabaka crisis

what were the effects of the kabaka crisis

Effects of the 1953 Kabaka crisis.

Created a sense of unity among the Baganda as they combined efforts to demand for the return and restoration of Kabaka Mutesa II.

Led to the signing of the Namirembe agreement. This cleared way for the return of the Kabaka while also reducing the king’s powers more.

Demonstrations were carried out in Buganda areas like Nakulabye. Men vowed never to shave off until their king in back.

The colonial government appointed more Africans to the colonial administration.

Encouraged the growth of nationalism in the whole of Uganda. The crisis had showed Ugandans the determination of colonialists to stay on hence more demands for independence.

Led to formation of new political parties which began by demanding of the return of Kabaka and finally for independence.

The crisis and the Namirembe agreement affected the position of the Kabaka. His reduced powers as we approached independence laid ground for his eventual over throw in the 1966 crisis with Obote .M.

The idea of East African Federation was completely ruled out after the crisis.

Increased the popularity of the Kabaka especially among the Baganda as well as other areas of Uganda

27 what were the causes of the kabaka crisis

27 what were the causes of the kabaka crisis

Between 1945 and 1949, several protests and uprisings were organized especially in Uganda’s towns like Kampala. These were mainly in opposition to the monopoly of Asians in the cash crop trade, land alienation among other grievances.

Such action resulted into formation of earlier political associations such:-

Bataka party (1946)

Abaganda Abakopi and Uganda African Farmers’ Union (1947)

Buganda African Motors Driver Union(BANU)

Although all these parties were silenced one by one by the colonialists, and their leaders arrested, the message of resistance and desire for independence had been expressed already.

The Kabaka crisis of 1953 -55.

Following the British introduction of the idea of the East African Federation Kabaka Mutesa II decided to mobilize the Baganda to reject the Federation. He also went ahead to demand for the independence of Buganda alone.

This prompted the British colonial governor Andrew Cohen to deport him into Britain on the 30 Nov 1953.

Causes of the crisis

The idea of the East African federation led to the crisis. The Baganda feared that they might loose their land in the federation as had happened in Kenya.

Mutesa I‘s failure to cooperate with the colonial administrators encouraged the crisis. According to the 1900 agreement, the Kabaka was expected to work (cooperate) with the colonial administration in areas of tax collection, law and order e.t.c.

Mutesa’s demand for Buganda’s independence also led to the crisis.

Kabaka Mutesa’s desire to adjust some terms of the Buganda agreement led to the crisis. Kabaka hated the clauses that limited his authority in Buganda.

The rising sense of superiority among the Baganda encouraged the crisis under Mutesa I. Buganda increasingly proud of themselves that decided to reduce cooperation with the colonialist.

Withdraw of support from the Kabaka by the Lukiiko also encouraged the crisis.

The transfer by the colonial governor of the nomination of Buganda’s representatives to the Legico (Legislative council). This decision to give powers to the Lukiiko to nominate representative to the legico provoked Mutesa II much.

The religious conflicts with in Buganda also increased the tension. The Catholics conflicted with the Protestants and Christians combined against Muslims. This drew in the colonial administration to take sides.

The new political parties such as Uganda National congress (1952) violently opposed the East Africa Federation idea. This further promoted the government to exile the king.

26 what were the reasons for the eary independence for tanzania

Reasons for Tanganyika’s early independence

1.The formation of political clubs/ associations such as Tanganyika African

Association (TAA), Tanganyika African National Union ( TANU).

2.The spirit of unity that came as a result of the existence of an all embracing Political party- TANU.

3.The personality of the colonial governors favored Tanzania’s early independence. Governor Richard Turnbull for example encouraged preparations for Tanzania’s Independence.

4.The United Nations, supervised preparations for independence in Tanganyika through its Trusteeship Council.

5.Racial or tribal differences were greatly limited in Tanganyika unlike in both Uganda and Kenya. This gave Tanganyikans a united stand in the call for independence.

6.Political activities were not much restricted by the authority in Tanganyika as was in Kenya and Uganda. Party activities for instance would be left free.

7.Tanganyika’s adoption of Kiswahili as a common language promoted unity in the call for independence.

8.The able leadership of men like Julius Nyerere who mobilised all Tanganyika’s without discriminating based on race

25 what were the contribution of dr julius nyerere to the struggle for tanzaniaz independence

25 what were the contribution of dr julius nyerere to the struggle for tanzaniaz independence

Contribution Of Dr. Julius Nyerere To The Struggle For Tanzania’s Independence

Julius Kambarage Nyerere was born in 1922 at Butiaba near the lake Victoria shores.

His father was a village chief. He attended a Roman Catholic primary school before joining the government secondary at Tabora

He got a diploma in Education at Makerere College in Uganda before finally attaining university education in universities outside Africa including Edinburgh University in Scotland.

Nyerere taught in several schools in Tanzania between 1945 and 1952. This spread literacy, which was needed in the struggle for independence.

He joined TANU (Tanganyika African National Union) in 1955 where he seriously campaigned for Tanganyika’s independence.

He addressed the U.N.O’s (United Nations Organization) trusteeship council in New York, where he expressed Tanganyika’s wish for independence.

Organized TANU to elect a representative to the Legislative council (LEGCO).

Nyerere became Tanganyika’s first prime minister in 1961 when Tanzania gained her independence.

He encouraged the unity between Tanganyika and Zanzibar in 1964. This resulted into the establishing of the republic of Tanzania.

Emphasized Swahili language to be the common language Tanzanians were to use. This united them in the demand for independence.

Nyerere advocated for peaceful means in the struggle for Tanzania independence. This scared Tanzania of the destruction that happened to states that used violence to achieve independence.

Nyerere as president of Tanganyika African Association transformed (IAA) into TANU (Tanganyika African National Union) in 1954.

Nyerere called for adult voting rights voting rights in Tanganyika other than the earlier restriction on to only those who were earning 75 pounds per year or those who were literate.

Nyerere assured the Asians, whites and other foreigners in Tanganyika that they had a future in Tanganyika. This won some foreigners sympathy towards the independence movement.

Brought TANU close to the UN Trusteeship Council. It’s this that was later to put pressure on Britain to decolonize Tanganyika.

Nyerere stood down after being elected to the Legico (Legislative Council) complaining of lack of progress in the move to Tanganyika’s independence

23 what was the role of chattered companies in the colonization of east Africa?

23 what was the role of chattered companies in the colonization of east Africa?

Chartered companies were business enterprises formed mainly to trade and curve out Colonies for their mother countries

There were only two  in east Africa ie imperial east African company formed in 1888 by William macknon and the German east African company' founded by Carl peters in 1884

These two were granted royal charters a form of license that legally and particularly made them owner of the areas they controlled

The companies provided initial skilled manpower for administration of their areas of influence

They thus provided experimental governments on behalf of their home countries in Tanganyika they adapted the akidas and the jumbes

They financed the colonial administration on behalf of their respective governments. IBEACO for administering Uganda and Kenya on behalf of the British

They fought and defeated rebellious groups,IBEACO defeated the bunyoro Mandi and Masai while the GEACO fought the coastal Arabs abushiri .

They developed transport and communication networksline example the IBEACO constructed many murrum roads and even wanted to construct the uganda-kenya railway line

They undertook businesses that generated funds that supported colonial activities and their asset were latter taken over by the colonial government.

They constructed administrative posts,forts and garrisons  which the colonial government later used.these were built at old Kampala rabai naivasha and machakos by the IBEACO

They encouraged cash crop growing to raise money to finance the colonial administration hence providing the basis on which the colonial economy thrieved

They created security organs which improved internal security the IBEACO for example built a private army that was later used in the colonization of Uganda

They helped in the effective abolition of slave trade and the Establishment of legitimate trade this could only be achieved if the area was effectively brought under European control

They protected Christian missionaries who were also colonial agents for example missionaries softened the hearts and minds of Africans through their preaching and education many of their convert in fact became collaborator

The companies provided their home government with information about the economic potential of east Africa.the IBEACO for example reported about the fertile soil of Uganda and Kenya highlands which later attracted the colonialist

They signed treaties with the local people,these treaties were later used by their home government to occupy east Africa for example IBEACO signed treaties with Buganda Kikuyu Masai and Mandi.GEACO signed with the cheifs of Usambara ukami and ungulu

Their rivalries and desire to define their sphere of influence forced the colonialist to come for Example IBEACO  and GEACO  conflicted in east Africa until agreements were signed